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LCZ696, also known by the brand name Entresto, is a medication used to treat heart failure and chronic kidney disease. It is a combination of two drugs: sacubitril and valsartan.
Sacubitril is a neprilysin inhibitor, which works by blocking the enzyme neprilysin that breaks down natriuretic peptides, leading to increased levels of these peptides. This helps dilate blood vessels, reduce fluid retention, and lower blood pressure.
Valsartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that helps relax blood vessels by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that can constrict blood vessels and increase blood pressure.
Together, these components work to improve heart function, reduce hospitalizations due to heart failure, and improve survival in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). LCZ696 has been shown to have superior outcomes compared to older treatments in certain heart failure patients.
LCZ696 (Entresto) is primarily used in the treatment of heart failure and has the following main applications:
LCZ696 is indicated for chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (also called systolic heart failure). This condition occurs when the heart's left ventricle does not pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention.
Efficacy: LCZ696 has been shown to reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and improve survival in patients with HFrEF.
Mechanism: By combining sacubitril (a neprilysin inhibitor) and valsartan (an angiotensin receptor blocker), the drug helps to lower blood pressure, reduce fluid overload, and relax blood vessels, thus improving overall heart function.
LCZ696 has shown beneficial effects in patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD). It helps in improving kidney function while also managing heart failure symptoms.
In some cases, LCZ696 may be used as an off-label treatment for high blood pressure (hypertension), especially in patients who have heart failure. The valsartan component helps in lowering blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict.
Reduction in Mortality and Hospitalization: LCZ696 has been shown in clinical trials to significantly reduce the risk of death and hospitalizations due to heart failure compared to traditional therapies like ACE inhibitors (e.g., enalapril).
Improvement in Symptoms: It helps improve quality of life by reducing symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling due to fluid buildup.
LCZ696 is typically used for patients with chronic heart failure who have a reduced ejection fraction, often after other treatments like ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers. It may also be prescribed in combination with other heart failure medications to provide additional benefits.
In summary, LCZ696 is mainly used for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and may also be beneficial for patients with associated kidney disease. It is not typically used for general hypertension or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) unless there is a specific clinical reason.
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