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Ammonium Formate (HCOONH4, CAS 540-69-2) is an important formate, widely used in animal feed. It has a molecular weight of 63.06 g/mol and can be synthesized through gaseous ammonia or ammonium hydroxide solution. The preparation process of this salt involves partial neutralization to produce about 35% formate ammonium mixture. As a type of formate, ammonium formate shows unique advantages in various industries, especially in the application of animal feed additives.
Ammonium formate (CAS 540-69-2) is widely used as an animal feed additive, primarily to improve animal growth performance and feed efficiency. In pig feed, adding ammonium formate does not negatively impact the growth of pigs. Research shows that adding 12 or 18 g/kg of ammonium formate to piglet diets, and up to 18 g/kg in adult pig feed, can maintain good growth performance and health. Additionally, ammonium formate is approved by the EU as a feed preservative, hygiene enhancer, and silage additive.
Organic acids have growth-promoting effects; they can provide a suitable environment for microbes that benefit animal growth. Organic acids that promote growth include butyric acid, lactic acid, propionic acid, ammonium formate CAS 540-69-2, citric acid, and acetic acid.
Studies show that adding 1% formic acid CAS 540-69-2 for 5 days to the feed can effectively inhibit Salmonella in broiler chickens; adding citric acid can effectively inhibit Listeria. Organic acids can increase the osmotic pressure inside the cell by diffusing through the bacterial cell membrane via dissociated acid anions or hydrogen ions, lowering the intracellular pH, leading to metabolic disorders or even death by lysis. This indirectly reduces the number of harmful bacteria. Organic acids can not only lower the environmental pH value but also achieve bacteriostatic effects by disrupting bacterial cell membranes, interfering with bacterial enzyme synthesis, and affecting bacterial DNA replication.
Organic acids CAS 540-69-2 can protect intestinal cells by reducing the toxin damage to intestinal cells, maintaining intestinal integrity. Intestinal integrity is a crucial factor for achieving optimal growth performance and feed efficiency in broiler farming. Organic acids can promote the height and width of villi in the small intestine; they can increase the areas of the ileum, jejunum, and duodenum in 14-day-old broilers. Studies have shown that using 0.5--1.0% formic acid can increase the longest villi length to 1273 microns, with the average villi length reaching 1250 microns compared to 1088 microns in the control group.
Histological studies of the intestine show that organic acids, such as ammonium formate CAS 540-69-2, can increase the villus height of all segments of the small intestine, reduce the proliferation of infectious and non-infectious bacteria in the intestine, reduce bacterial nutrient consumption, and enhance nutrient collection and absorption in the intestine, thereby strengthening growth performance in broilers.
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